....RData

The leading ``dot'' in this file name makes it invisible in UNIX.

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...end.

With other than vector types of argument, such as list mode arguments, the action of c() is rather different. See §.

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...expression.

The underscore character, ``_'' is an allowable synonym for the left pointing assignment operator ``<-'', however we discourage this option, as it can easily lead to much less readible code.

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...abs(y)

Note that abs() does not work as expected with complex arguments. The appropriate function for the complex modulus is Mod().

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...numeric

numeric mode is actually an amalgam of two distinct modes, namely integer and double precision, as explained in the manual.

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...same.

In general coercion from numeric to character and back again will not be exactly reversible, because of roundoff errors in the character representation.

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...territories

Foreign readers should note that there are eight states and territories in Australia, namely the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, the Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia.

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...form.

Note that x %*% x is ambiguous, as it could mean either ${\bf x'x}$ or ${\bf xx'}$, where ${\bf x}$ is the column form. In such cases the smaller matrix seems implicitly to be the interpretation adopted, so the scalar ${\bf x'x}$ is in this case the result. The matrix ${\bf xx'}$ may be calculated either by cbind(x) %*% x or x %*% rbind(x) since the result of rbind() or cbind() is always a matrix.

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...perl

Under UNIX the utilities sed or awk can be used.

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...more

See also the methods described in §

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...

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...it

In some sense this mimics the behaviour in . since in . this operator always creates or assigns to a global variable.

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....Rprofile

So it is hidden under Unix.

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...document.

Warning: The PostScript code produced by the postscript() device driver is not Encapsulated PostScript, and thus including it in a document electronically (as opposed to physical cut-and-paste) can be rather problematic. For this type of application, a better solution is to use the fig() driver (available from statlib) and use a conversion program, such as fig2dev, to convert the resultant fig code to Encapsulated PostScript.

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